Carol Varnallis

Narrative;
- Firstly she believes that the music video is a visual response to the music
- There is not necessarily a balance between narrative and Performance
- The narrative is not always complete - it may be a partial, fragmented narrative
- The structure of the video may appear disjointed
- Something drives the video forward, but often it is not the narrative. It could be the music, the performance, a mixture or some other element
- There may not always be a clear resolution (closure) at the end
- The video may pose questions that it doesn't actually answer
- There may be a narrative or theme running through the video, but in a montage style

Editing;

- Editing may match the musical phrases or the beat
- The video may break or disrupt many of the rules of continuity editing - this is a clear convention of music video editing.
- Editing may become foregrounded - the edits may be really obvious, to draw attention to themselves as opposed to invisible, continuity editing

For example, you may see;

- Jump cuts
- Breaks of the 30 degree rules
- Breaks of the 180 degree rule
- Cutting against the movement
- Cutting within the lyrics
- Fancy edits or cuts
- Extreme jump in time and space
- Extreme changes in pace
- Juxtaposed frames
- Graphic matches
- A style of editing that runs through the video and is distinctive to that video

You may not see;

- Smooth transitions
- Matches on action
- An even pace throughout

Diegesis;

- The diegesis may be revealed quite slowly
- Actions are not necessarily completed - they may be disrupted or interrupted in some way
- Character or object movements may move to the music
- There may be gaps in the audience's understanding of the diegesis - in time and space, music, performance and narrative
- Some frames may be more important than others
- There may be repetitions eg musical phrases, the beat, other musical elements, themes, lyrics, performance, images, colours, camera positions

Camera Movements and Framing;

- When it comes to shot types, extremes are very common.
- The style of framing and movement may run through the video and is distinctive to that video
- The camera may move in time with the music
- The camera may move on the lyrics
- The master shot (or establishing shots) is used frequently, as are close ups